Senin, 30 Maret 2009

10 reasons why PC is crash,you must Know

Fatal error: the system has become unstable or is busy," it says. "Enter to return to Windows or press Control-Alt-Delete to restart your computer. If you do this you will lose any unsaved information in all open applications."

You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?

1 Hardware conflict

The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.

For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to hog a single IRQ for itself.

If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:

* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.

Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.

Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.

Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).

When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.

To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.

2 Bad Ram

Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.

But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.

One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.

Parity error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.

EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.

3 BIOS settings

Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.

Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.

A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.

Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).

4 Hard disk drives

After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to

* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Defragmenter

This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.

The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).

Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to

* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.

Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.

Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to

* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk

Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.

5 Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errors

Fatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.

These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. Go to

* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Display-Settings

Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on
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Pemerintah Diminta Buktikan Aksi Spionase Internet


JAKARTA - Munculnya dugaan kalau Indonesia menjadi korban spionase melalui internet, sebaiknya ditanggapi dengan mempertahankan sistem keamanan agar lebih kuat.

Demikian yang dikemukan anggota DPR Abdillah Toha. Menurutnya, tidak hanya China saja yang mengintai Indonesia melalui media ranah maya. Negara adidaya Amerika Serikat pun turut serta mengincar dokumen rahasia yang tersimpan di komputer.

"Yahoo, Google, dan YouTube, itu punya siapa? Amerika Serikat kan? China itu hanya yang sudah terbongkar saja. Padahal, AS pun juga menyerang kita," terang anggota Komisi I DPR ini.

Saat ini, menurut Abdillah, yang penting dilakukan adalah memperkuat sistem jaringan keamanan yang dimiliki. Terlebih, SDM kita masih terlihat minim untuk urusan seperti ini. Dia pun meminta pihak terkait untuk mencari kebenarannya.

"Jika memang terbukti, baru gunakan jalan diplomasi dan sebagainya," tandas politisi asal Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN) ini.
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Usaha Kecil Menengah Sasaran Empuk Cybercrime


CALIFORNIA - Kejahatan internet atau cybercrime tidak pandang bulu dalam menetapkan targetnya. Namun, usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) lebih disukai para pembobol dalam melakukan aksinya.
"Perusahaan besar sangat ketat dalam menjaga keamanan sistem komputernya. Dan itu membuat cybercrime lebih banyak menyerang UKM," kata Tori Case, Vice President Product Management di CyberPatrol, seperti yang dikutip Certmag, Senin (30/3/2009).
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Minggu, 22 Maret 2009

Studi: Pendapatan tak Pengaruhi Kebahagiaan
















MELBOURNE - Beberapa orang seringkali menganggap uang adalah segalanya. Tak jarang berbagai macam cara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan uang, sekalipun dengan cara-cara 'kotor'.

Namun tak dipungkiri, pendapatan seseorang memang sedikit banyak memberikan kontribusi pada kebahagiaan seseorang, apalagi di negara-negara dunia ketiga.

Baru-baru ini sebuah studi mengenai tingkat kesejahteraan negara-negara kaya, yang dilakukan Legatum Institute, menyatakan, jika di negara-negara kaya seperti Australia tingkat pendapatan sesorang tak menjamin seseorang dapat hidup dengan bahagia.


Seperti dilansir Times of India, Sabtu (21/3/2009), Legatum Institute, lembaga yang berbasis di Dubai, menempatkan Australia sebagai negara paling sejahtera di dunia. Australia dinilai telah mampu memberikan pendapatan yang tinggi bagi masyarakatnya serta kebebasan politik.

Tapi menurut seorang pengacara yang juga akademisi asal Melbourne, Mirko Bagaric, di negara-negara kaya, tingkat pendapatan seseorang tidak memberikan kebahagiaan bagi orang-orang.

"Faktor yang dapat membuat seseorang bahagia bukan hanya seputar pendapatan tapi yang paling berperan adalah kesehatan tubuh manusia, hidup yang optimis, dan memiliki cita-cita yang realistis," kata Bagaric.

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